Multiplication table (1 to 12)
The full multiplication table from 1 to 12. Find a row and a column, and the cell where they meet is the product. Memorizing this grid is the foundation for fast mental arithmetic, long multiplication, and division.
Times table, 1 to 12
| × | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
| 2 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 12 | 14 | 16 | 18 | 20 | 22 | 24 |
| 3 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 12 | 15 | 18 | 21 | 24 | 27 | 30 | 33 | 36 |
| 4 | 4 | 8 | 12 | 16 | 20 | 24 | 28 | 32 | 36 | 40 | 44 | 48 |
| 5 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 45 | 50 | 55 | 60 |
| 6 | 6 | 12 | 18 | 24 | 30 | 36 | 42 | 48 | 54 | 60 | 66 | 72 |
| 7 | 7 | 14 | 21 | 28 | 35 | 42 | 49 | 56 | 63 | 70 | 77 | 84 |
| 8 | 8 | 16 | 24 | 32 | 40 | 48 | 56 | 64 | 72 | 80 | 88 | 96 |
| 9 | 9 | 18 | 27 | 36 | 45 | 54 | 63 | 72 | 81 | 90 | 99 | 108 |
| 10 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 |
| 11 | 11 | 22 | 33 | 44 | 55 | 66 | 77 | 88 | 99 | 110 | 121 | 132 |
| 12 | 12 | 24 | 36 | 48 | 60 | 72 | 84 | 96 | 108 | 120 | 132 | 144 |
Multiplication is commutative, so the table is symmetric: 7 times 8 equals 8 times 7. That means you really only need to learn half of it. The diagonal running from top-left to bottom-right holds the square numbers, where each number is multiplied by itself.
Practicing arithmetic?
Browse the math calculators for multiplication, division, and more, or see the Prime Numbers Chart.
How to read the table
Pick one factor from the top row and the other from the left column. Follow the column down and the row across until they meet; that cell is the product. Because multiplication is commutative, it does not matter which factor you take from which edge, so 6 times 9 and 9 times 6 land on cells holding the same value, 54.
Patterns worth knowing
The diagonal from the top-left holds the squares: 1, 4, 9, 16, and so on. The fives column ends in 0 or 5, the tens column simply appends a zero, and the nines have digits that add up to nine. Spotting these patterns turns rote memorization into something you can reconstruct quickly.
FAQ
What is the easiest way to learn times tables?
Use the patterns: the table is symmetric, so learn half of it, and lean on the easy columns (1, 2, 5, 10) first, then fill in the rest.
Why is the multiplication table symmetric?
Because multiplication is commutative: the order of the factors does not change the product, so 4 times 7 equals 7 times 4.
Where are the square numbers?
On the main diagonal, where the row and column numbers are equal: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, and so on up to 144.