PVC (Rigid) properties
PVC (polyvinyl chloride) is a low-cost, rigid thermoplastic with good chemical resistance and self-extinguishing flame behavior. Rigid PVC is widely used for pipe, fittings, and chemical-handling parts. Values are for rigid (unplasticized) PVC.
Mechanical properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Tensile strength | 7,500 psi (52 MPa) |
| Flexural modulus | 450,000 psi (3.1 GPa) |
| Elongation at break | 40% |
| Hardness | Shore D 80 |
Physical properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Density | 0.051 lb/in³ (1400 kg/m³) |
| Softening point | about 80 °C (glass transition) |
Thermal properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Max service temperature | about 60 °C continuous |
| Thermal expansion | 60 µm/m·°C |
| Thermal conductivity | 0.19 W/m·K |
Values are typical for the grade and condition shown. Actual properties vary with temper, heat treatment, and product form, so use these for comparison and preliminary design and confirm against material certificates for final work.
Compare with other materials
See the Material Properties Comparison, Yield Strength, and Density charts.
Typical uses
Rigid PVC is used for water and drain pipe, fittings, valves, ducting, and chemical tanks. Its low cost, chemical resistance, and ease of solvent welding make it the dominant plastic for plumbing and corrosion-resistant fluid handling.
How it compares
PVC is cheaper and more chemically and flame resistant than ABS, but more brittle and limited to lower temperatures. Against engineering plastics it is weaker and less heat resistant, so it is chosen for economical piping and chemical service rather than mechanical parts.
FAQ
What is rigid PVC used for?
Water and drain pipe, fittings, valves, ducting, and chemical tanks, where low cost, chemical resistance, and easy joining matter.
Can PVC be solvent welded?
Yes. PVC pipe and fittings are joined with solvent cement that fuses the parts, which is why PVC plumbing assembles so quickly.
Is PVC heat resistant?
Only to about 60 C in continuous service. For hot water or higher temperatures, CPVC or other materials are used instead.