A36 Steel properties
A36 is the standard structural carbon steel for plates, beams, angles, and channels in construction and fabrication. It is specified by minimum yield strength rather than exact composition, and it is valued for its weldability, ductility, and low cost.
Mechanical properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Yield strength | 36 ksi (250 MPa) |
| Ultimate tensile strength | 58 to 80 ksi (400 to 550 MPa) |
| Elongation | 20% |
| Hardness | about 130 HB (Brinell) |
| Modulus of elasticity | 29,000 ksi (200 GPa) |
Physical properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Density | 0.284 lb/in³ (7850 kg/m³) |
| Melting point | about 1425 to 1540 °C |
Thermal properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Thermal conductivity | about 50 W/m·K |
| Thermal expansion | 11.7 µm/m·°C |
| Specific heat | 486 J/kg·K |
Values are typical for the grade and condition shown. Actual properties vary with temper, heat treatment, and product form, so use these for comparison and preliminary design and confirm against material certificates for final work.
Compare with other materials
See the Material Properties Comparison, Yield Strength, and Density charts.
Typical uses
A36 is the default steel for structural shapes, plates, gussets, base plates, brackets, and general weldments. Its guaranteed minimum yield of 36 ksi, easy welding, and wide availability make it the backbone of buildings, bridges, and heavy fabrication.
How it compares
A36 is a structural-grade steel, defined by mechanical minimums rather than tight chemistry. It is softer than HSLA grades like A572-50, which give a 50 ksi yield at similar weight, but A36 remains the economical default where its strength is sufficient.
FAQ
What is A36 steel used for?
Structural shapes, plates, and general fabrication: beams, columns, base plates, brackets, and weldments in construction and machinery.
What is the yield strength of A36?
A minimum of 36 ksi (250 MPa). Tensile strength runs from 58 to 80 ksi depending on the heat.
Is A36 the same as 1018?
No. A36 is a structural steel defined by strength minimums, while 1018 is a bar steel with controlled chemistry and better machinability.